Many dolmens on the Korean Peninsula are distributed along Korea's western coastline, especially in the south of the peninsula, and this distribution could be consistent with transmission via migration from Southeast Asia. Theorized transmission from Southeast Asia Īccording to this theory, information about dolmens and their construction spread from Southeast Asia along with rice culture. Three main theories exist regarding the origins of the Korean dolmens: 1) information about dolmens and their construction was transmitted via sea routes from Southeast Asia 2) information about dolmens and their construction was transmitted from Neolithic peoples living north of the Korean Peninsula and 3) dolmens in Korea originated from Neolithic civilizations on the Korean Peninsula. 1.2 Theorized spread from Northeast Asia.1.1 Theorized transmission from Southeast Asia.Since then, multiple digs have been sponsored and an extensive program of inventory and preservation has been initiated by the Korean government. The dolmen culture is linked with the Neolithic and bronze cultures of Korea.Įxcavation at the sites did not begin until 1965. Additionally, it can be induced from the stones how the stone was quarried, transported, and used to build the dolmen.ĭolmen in Korea have been dated to the seventh century BCE in locations such as Gochang and the practice ended around the third century BCE.
The culture of the people during this time can be gleaned from the evidence left by the dolmen. Pottery, comma-shaped jewels, bronzes, stone tools, and other funerary artifacts have been excavated from these dolmen. The megalithic stones are invaluable because they mark the graves of the ruling elite. The Korean Peninsula is home to over 35,000 dolmens, accounting for approximately 40% of the world's total the Gochang, Hwasun, and Ganghwa sites are themselves home to over 1,000 dolmens. The sites were designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000. The Gochang, Hwasun and Ganghwa Dolmen Sites are the location of hundreds of stone dolmens which were used as grave markers, and for ritual purposes during the first millennium BCE when the Megalithic Culture was prominent on the Korean Peninsula. Koch'ang / Hwasun / Kanghwa Chisŏngmyogun
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